The Modified Taungya System (MTS) improves people’s access to farmlands and offers them a 40% share of timber revenues. Serious concerns exist, however, about the long-term contribution to people’s livelihoods. Intercropping is no longer an option when the trees overshadow the crops and the last plots of land are soon to be used up. It then takes time before the sale of the timber generates any income. Various challenges have to be overcome to ensure that the MTS continues to impact positively on people’s livelihoods. This is the key message of this infosheet based on an MSc study carried out at the University of Amsterdam under the Tropenbos Ghana programme.